Jah-Jah.pl / Index countries / Christmas Island (2004) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) / Compare countries
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Compare Christmas Island (2004) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)
Compare Christmas Island (2004) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)
| Christmas Island (2004) | South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | - |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
- |
| Agriculture - products | NA | - |
| Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | none |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
- |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands |
| Area - comparative | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC | slightly larger than Rhode Island |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| Budget | revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
revenues:
$291,777 expenditures: $451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.) |
| Capital | The Settlement | - |
| Climate | tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April | variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow |
| Coastline | 80 km | NA km |
| Constitution | NA | adopted 3 October 1985 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form:
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | - |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| Debt - external | NA | - |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) |
| Disputes - international | none | claimed by Argentina |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | - |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in mid-2004 | Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | - |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
- |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173(2000), 1.5497 (1999) | - |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
- |
| Exports | NA | - |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | - |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | - |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | - |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory | the flag of the UK is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - NA | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
- |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - NA | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | - |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 54 30 S, 37 00 W |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
- |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
- |
| Imports | NA | - |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | - |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | - |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | - |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | - |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | - |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
- |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA | - |
| International organization participation | none | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 0 sq km (1993) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | - |
| Labor force | NA | - |
| Labor force - by occupation | NA | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay | - |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
- |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
- |
| Literacy | NA | - |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Antarctic Region |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| National holiday | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) | Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
- |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches | fish |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| People - note | The Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1508 as of the 2001 Census | - |
| Political parties and leaders | none | - |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | - |
| Population | 396 (July 2004 est.) | no indigenous inhabitants
note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | - |
| Population growth rate | -9% (2004 est.) | - |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Grytviken |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) | none |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) | - |
| Sex ratio | NA (2004 est.) | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | - |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | - |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 0 (1997) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | - |
| Unemployment rate | NA | - |
| Waterways | - | none |
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